Sources and licences

Every model starts from one photograph of a real find recorded by the Portable Antiquities Scheme and published on Wikimedia Commons under Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 (CC BY 2.0).

We only use CC0, public domain or CC BY material. We do not use ShareAlike, NonCommercial or NoDerivatives material. The photographs stay under their own licence: nothing here limits your right to reuse them under CC BY 2.0. Uploaders to Commons are not credited as photographers.

Changes we made to every photograph: the two faces were cut out, rotated and rescaled to a common frame, and used to make an interpretive 3D reconstruction. Depth, the edge and unseen surfaces are inferred. The as-minted version is cleaned, restored and recoloured by us. The original files are archived unmodified; the checksum below lets anyone confirm which file we used.

Excluded: a higher-resolution photograph of coin 17's specimen (Commons file "COIN (FindID 662295).jpg") is CC BY-SA 2.0 with conflicting rights information, so it is not used. A CC BY-SA 4.0 photograph of another Verica bull coin (FindID 159068) is not used either.

Retrieved 2026-10-16. Catalogue numbers (ABC, BMC, VA and others) are cross-references reported in each record. They are not our numbering and we have not imported any catalogue.